Jakarta – China is currently experiencing an outbreak of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infections. Let’s understand its symptoms and risks according to science.
What Is HMPV?
According to NDTV on Saturday (January 4, 2025), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a virus that affects the upper respiratory system but can sometimes lead to lower respiratory infections. HMPV is commonly seen in winter and spring.
Citing Reuters, China’s Disease Control Agency stated that HMPV has contributed to respiratory infections this winter. Protocols for laboratory reporting and case verification have been established.
“This winter respiratory infection is primarily caused by the influenza virus, with HMPV also contributing,” explained the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Symptoms of HMPV Infection
The China CDC stated that common symptoms of HMPV infection include cough, fever, nasal congestion, sore throat, and wheezing.
“Severe cases can lead to bronchitis or pneumonia, particularly among infants, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems,” the statement added.
Risks of HMPV Infection
According to the China CDC, individuals with a history of asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), or emphysema are at higher risk of contracting HMPV.
The virus primarily spreads through droplets or aerosols from coughing or sneezing, as well as close contact or exposure to contaminated environments. The incubation period ranges from three to five days.
Prevention of HMPV Infection
Preventive recommendations are similar to those for COVID-19: wear masks in crowded areas, practice social distancing, wash hands frequently, and avoid crowded places when possible. Additionally, maintain cleanliness, ensure good ventilation, and adopt a healthy lifestyle.
In Indonesia, the Ministry of Health spokesperson Widyawati stated that no infections similar to those in China have been detected so far. Referring to World Health Organization (WHO) data, Widyawati emphasized that the surge in influenza and HMPV cases has only been reported in China.
Influenza type A cases, specifically the H5N1 variant, were reported in Indonesia between 2005 and 2017. However, no new human cases have been identified since 2018.
“For the H5N6 and H9N2 variants, several cases have been reported in China, but neither variant has been reported in Indonesia,” Widyawati explained in an official statement recently.
